On Wednesday, President Donald Trump introduced the US was imposing reciprocal tariffs on a small assortment of Antarctic islands which are not inhabited by people, as a part of a world commerce conflict aimed toward asserting US dominance. The Heard and McDonald Islands, recognized for his or her populations of penguins and seabirds, can solely be reached by sea.
Trump introduced the international locations now topic to tariffs in a Wednesday press convention, utilizing a poster as a prop. Further international locations—together with the Heard and McDonald Islands, that are, by the way, not international locations—have been listed on sheets of paper distributed to reporters.
One of many sheets claims that the Heard and McDonald Islands presently cost a “Tariff to the usA.” of 10 p.c, clarifying in tiny letters that this consists of “foreign money manipulation and commerce boundaries.” In return, the sheet says that the US will cost “discounted reciprocal tariffs” on the islands at a price of 10 p.c.
The islands are small. Their reported 37,000 hectares of land makes them slightly bigger than Philadelphia. In keeping with UNESCO, which designated the islands as a World Heritage Website in 1997, they’re lined in rocks and glaciers. Heard Island is the location of an lively volcano, and McDonald Island is surrounded by a number of smaller rocky islands. The islands are house to giant populations of penguins and elephant seals.
The Australian Antarctic Division manages the islands, preserving the setting and conducting analysis on the big wildlife inhabitants, in addition to local weather change’s impression on Heard and McDonald’s everlasting glaciers. On Wednesday, Australia and quite a lot of its island territories, together with Christmas and Cocos Keeling Islands, have been additionally hit with tariffs of 10 p.c. Norfolk Island, which Australia additionally claims, acquired a tariff of 29 p.c.
The White Home didn’t instantly reply to WIRED’s request for remark. When reached for remark, the Australian Antarctic Division referred WIRED to the nation’s Division of International Affairs and Commerce, which didn’t reply previous to publication.
“One may argue that is in breach of the worldwide Antarctic spirit,” Elizabeth Buchanan, a polar geopolitics skilled and senior fellow on the Australian Strategic Coverage Institute, tells WIRED.
Below the Antarctic Treaty, which promotes worldwide scientific cooperation and stipulates that the continent needs to be used for peaceable functions, land in Antarctica can’t be owned by any nation. Nonetheless, Australia has claimed since 1953 that the islands are Australian territories. Australia additionally laid declare to the water surrounding the islands through a 2002 act that established a marine reserve. Final yr, the nation handed a regulation extending the boundaries of that reserve, roughly quadrupling its measurement.
The Australian Protection Pressure screens the waters surrounding the Heard and McDonald Islands as part of Operation Resolute, which covers the world 200 nautical miles from Australia’s mainland and “roughly 10 p.c of the world’s floor.” Along with Heard and McDonald Islands, it additionally applies to the water surrounding the Christmas, Cocos Keeling, Macquarie, and Norfolk and Lord Howe islands. The Australian Protection Pressure claims that the aim of Operation Resolute is to deal with “safety threats” like piracy and air pollution.
The Australian Antarctic Division claims that the world sometimes receives ships concerned in scientific analysis, business fishing, and tourism.
