Florida is the newest state to sidestep the authority of the Meals and Drug Administration by permitting sufferers to entry sure stem-cell therapies that haven’t been rigorously evaluated and authorized.
Underneath a new legislation that went into impact July 1, medical doctors in Florida can administer unapproved stem-cell therapies for wound care, ache administration, or orthopedic functions. The legislation comes amid rising assist for medical freedom in the USA, an concept espoused by Well being and Human Companies secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr., and it might immediate different states to observe. Supporters say the legislation helps defend sufferers, whereas critics argue it opens the door for bodily and monetary hurt.
“There may be curiosity in numerous states in enabling the sale of stem-cell merchandise that haven’t been authorized by the FDA,” says Leigh Turner, a bioethicist and professor of well being, society, and habits on the College of California, Irvine, who has been monitoring the stem-cell trade. “I believe we’re going to see extra of that.”
Final yr, Utah handed a legislation permitting well being care suppliers within the state to supply placental stem-cell therapies, which are sometimes marketed for treating wounds and accidents, as long as they clearly observe their unapproved standing and get written knowledgeable consent from sufferers earlier than administering them. And a 2017 legislation in Texas permits clinics and corporations to supply unapproved stem-cell therapies to folks with persistent or terminal ailments when typical therapy choices have been exhausted.
Stem cells have been of immense curiosity for the previous 30 years due to their capacity to provide copies of themselves indefinitely and type extra specialised cells within the physique. Stem cells are central to human improvement throughout being pregnant and may be present in embryos, placental tissue, and umbilical twine blood, and are additionally produced naturally by adults, significantly in bone marrow, to permit the physique to restore itself. They’ve been studied as therapies for all kinds of illnesses over time, together with arthritis, diabetes, coronary heart failure, a number of sclerosis, and Parkinson’s illness.
However regardless of many years of analysis, stem cells haven’t produced the sorts of cures that scientists had hoped for. The one merchandise the FDA has authorized are blood-forming stem cells sourced from umbilical twine blood. They’re utilized in transplants to deal with sufferers with sure cancers and blood and autoimmune issues who’ve had their very own blood-forming stem cells destroyed by excessive doses of chemotherapy or radiation.
The Florida legislation prohibits stem-cell therapies derived from embryos and classifies using embryonic stem cells as a third-degree felony. It additionally bans using cells taken from umbilical cords following abortions, though it permits cells to be sourced from discarded umbilical cords and placentas after reside births.
The FDA regulates stem cell therapies as medicine except they’re “minimally manipulated,” that means that any processing of the cells doesn’t considerably alter their authentic related organic traits. This loophole has allowed clinics and corporations to avoid the years-long drug approval course of and provide therapies of stem cells that haven’t been completely examined for security and efficacy. The Florida legislation doesn’t specify whether or not stem cells supplied within the state have to be minimally manipulated, presumably permitting cells which can be manipulated past that commonplace.
